PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN ABAD KE-21 BAGI MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN VOKASI DALAM PERSPEKTIF PROGRAM MERDEKA BELAJAR KAMPUS MERDEKA (MBKM) DI INDONESIA
Keywords:
Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka, Pendidikan Vokasi, Kecakapan Hidup, The Four CS, Literasi Digital
Abstract
Hadirnya era revolusi industri 4.0 dan society 5.0 membawa konsekuensi yang cukup serius bagi dunia pendidikan vokasi yang harus segera diselesaikan. Kesenjangan antara lulusan dengan kebutuhan dunia industri/dunia kerja menyebabkan banyaknya lulusan pendidikan kejuruan dan vokasi yang tidak dapat diserap di lapangan kerja. Program MBKM dinilai sebagai bentuk terobosan dalam menjembatani kesenjangan tersebut agar lulusan kampus vokasi mampu memenuhi lapangan kerja saat ini. Program ini secara umum bertujuan untuk mendekatkan mahasiswa dengan situasi nyata di dunia kerja dan mengurangi porsi pembelajaan teori yang selama ini dinilai kurang efektif. Para lulusan harus dibekali dengan berbagai keterampilan agar mereka dapat bersaing secara global dan mampu menaklukan perubahan zaman. Ada tiga keterampilan utama yang harus dikuasai oleh lulusan kampus vokasi di era revolusi industri 4,0 ini, yaitu The Four CS, literasi digital, dan kecakapan hidup atau life skills. Ketiga keterampilan utama tersebut dinilai dapat membekali para lulusan selain keterampilan spesifik yang mereka pelajari sesuai dengan jurusan yang mereka pilih.
References
Afrina, E. (2018). Vokasi di era revolusi industri: Kajian ketenagakerjaan di daerah.
Perkumpulan Prakarsa.
Ainia, D. K. (2020). Merdeka belajar dalam pandangan Ki Hadjar Dewantoro dan
relevansinya bagi pengembangan pendidikan karakter. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia,
3(3), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v3i3.24525
Al-Lily, A. E., Elayyan, S. R., & Alhazmi, A. A. (2018). Understanding the public
temper through an evaluation of rumours: An ethnographical method using
educational technology. Palgrave Commun, 4(141).
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0197-2
Alismail, H. A., & Mcguire, P. (2015). 21st century standards and curriculum: Current
research and practice. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(6), 150–155.
Anwar, A. (2015). Pendidikan kecakapan hidup. Alfabeta.
Behera, A. K. (2020). Life skill education in classroom. International Journal of
Humanities and Social Science Invention, 9(8), 4–10.
https://doi.org/10.35629/7722-0908020410
Chan, B. S. K., Churchill, D., & Chiu, T. K. F. (2017). Digital literacy learning in higher
education through digital storytelling approach. Journal of International
Education Research (JIER), 13(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.19030/jier.v13i1.9907
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating
qualitative and quantitative research. Pearson Education.
Daga, A. T. (2021). Makna merdeka belajar dan penguatan peran guru di sekolah
dasar. Jurnal Educatio, 7(3), 1075–1090.
https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v7i3.1279
De-Justo, E., & Delagado, A. (2015). A change to competence-based education in
structural engineering. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education
Practice, 141, 1–8.
Elayyan, S. (2021). The future of education according to the fourth industrial
revolution. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 4(1), 24–30.
https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.737193
Ellingrud, K., Gupta, R., & Salguero, J. (2020). Building the vital skills for the future of
work in operations. McKinsey & Company.
Falloon, G. (2020). From digital literacy to digital competence: The teacher digital
competency (TDC) framework. Educational Technology Research and
Development, 68(5), 2449–2472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09767-4
Galagali, P. M. (2011). Adolescence and life skills. In R. Olyai & D. K. Dutta (Eds.),
Recent advances in adolescent health (pp. 209–218). JAYPEE Brothers Medical
Publisher.
Garba, S. A., Byabazaire, Y., & Busthami, A. H. (2015). Toward the use of 21st
century teaching-learning approaches: The trend of development in Malaysian
schools within the context of Asia Pacific. International Journal of Emerging
Technologies in Learning, 10(4), 72–79.
Gerami, S., Ahmadi, S., Safat, M. B., & Farsi, F. (2015). Life skills training and its
effectiveness: A systematic review. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,
6(2), 385–392. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s1p385
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Sage.
Phuapan, P., Viriyavejakul, C., & Pimdee, P. (2016). An analysis of digital litearcy
Skills among Thai university seniors. International Journal of Emerging
Technologies in Learning, 16(3), 24–31.
Pide, A. M. (1999). Otonomi daerah dan kepala daerah memasuki abad ke-21. Gaya
Media Pratama.
Precious, Z., & Racheal, S. (2019). Life skills education for enhancement of learners’
wellness in Eswatini: A case of high school learners in Shiselweni Region.
Journal of Resources Development and Management, 59(1), 44–50.
https://doi.org/10.7176/jrdm/59-06
Ragone, A., Mirylenka, K., Casati, F., & Marchese, M. (2011). A quantitative analysis
of peer review. 13th International Society of Scientometrics and Informetrics
Conference.
Rusdin, N. M. (2018). Teachers’ readiness in implementing 21st century learning.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,
Saravakumar, A. R., & Devi, P. K. R. (2020). Indian higher education: Issues and
opportunities. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(2).
Savoji, A. P., & Ganji, K. (2013). Increasing mental health of university students
through life skills training (lst). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84,
1255–1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.739
Searson, M., Hancock, M., Soheil, N., & Sheperd, G. (2015). Digital citizenship within
global contexts. Education and Information Technologies, 20, 729–741.
Sharma, P. (2019). Digital revolution of education 4.0. International Journal of
Engineering and Advanced Technology, 9(2), 3558–3564.
https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1293.129219
Simatupang, E., & Yuhertiana, I. (2021). Merdeka belajar kampus merdeka terhadap
perubahan paradigma pembelajaran pada pendidikan tinggi: Sebuah tinjauan
literatur. Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Ekonomi, 2(2), 30–38.
https://doi.org/10.47747/jbme.v2i2.230
World Health Organizaton. (1997). Life skills education for children and adolescents
in schools. WHO.
Yusuf, M., & Arfiansyah, W. (2021). Konsep “merdeka belajar” dalam pandangan
filsafat konstruktivisme. Jurnal Studi Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 7(2), 120–
133.
Zahrudin, Z. (2016). Implikasi kebijakan politik terhadap manajemen perguruan
tinggi. SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-I, 2(1), 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v2i1.2246
Perkumpulan Prakarsa.
Ainia, D. K. (2020). Merdeka belajar dalam pandangan Ki Hadjar Dewantoro dan
relevansinya bagi pengembangan pendidikan karakter. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia,
3(3), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v3i3.24525
Al-Lily, A. E., Elayyan, S. R., & Alhazmi, A. A. (2018). Understanding the public
temper through an evaluation of rumours: An ethnographical method using
educational technology. Palgrave Commun, 4(141).
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0197-2
Alismail, H. A., & Mcguire, P. (2015). 21st century standards and curriculum: Current
research and practice. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(6), 150–155.
Anwar, A. (2015). Pendidikan kecakapan hidup. Alfabeta.
Behera, A. K. (2020). Life skill education in classroom. International Journal of
Humanities and Social Science Invention, 9(8), 4–10.
https://doi.org/10.35629/7722-0908020410
Chan, B. S. K., Churchill, D., & Chiu, T. K. F. (2017). Digital literacy learning in higher
education through digital storytelling approach. Journal of International
Education Research (JIER), 13(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.19030/jier.v13i1.9907
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating
qualitative and quantitative research. Pearson Education.
Daga, A. T. (2021). Makna merdeka belajar dan penguatan peran guru di sekolah
dasar. Jurnal Educatio, 7(3), 1075–1090.
https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v7i3.1279
De-Justo, E., & Delagado, A. (2015). A change to competence-based education in
structural engineering. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education
Practice, 141, 1–8.
Elayyan, S. (2021). The future of education according to the fourth industrial
revolution. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 4(1), 24–30.
https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.737193
Ellingrud, K., Gupta, R., & Salguero, J. (2020). Building the vital skills for the future of
work in operations. McKinsey & Company.
Falloon, G. (2020). From digital literacy to digital competence: The teacher digital
competency (TDC) framework. Educational Technology Research and
Development, 68(5), 2449–2472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09767-4
Galagali, P. M. (2011). Adolescence and life skills. In R. Olyai & D. K. Dutta (Eds.),
Recent advances in adolescent health (pp. 209–218). JAYPEE Brothers Medical
Publisher.
Garba, S. A., Byabazaire, Y., & Busthami, A. H. (2015). Toward the use of 21st
century teaching-learning approaches: The trend of development in Malaysian
schools within the context of Asia Pacific. International Journal of Emerging
Technologies in Learning, 10(4), 72–79.
Gerami, S., Ahmadi, S., Safat, M. B., & Farsi, F. (2015). Life skills training and its
effectiveness: A systematic review. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,
6(2), 385–392. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s1p385
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Sage.
Phuapan, P., Viriyavejakul, C., & Pimdee, P. (2016). An analysis of digital litearcy
Skills among Thai university seniors. International Journal of Emerging
Technologies in Learning, 16(3), 24–31.
Pide, A. M. (1999). Otonomi daerah dan kepala daerah memasuki abad ke-21. Gaya
Media Pratama.
Precious, Z., & Racheal, S. (2019). Life skills education for enhancement of learners’
wellness in Eswatini: A case of high school learners in Shiselweni Region.
Journal of Resources Development and Management, 59(1), 44–50.
https://doi.org/10.7176/jrdm/59-06
Ragone, A., Mirylenka, K., Casati, F., & Marchese, M. (2011). A quantitative analysis
of peer review. 13th International Society of Scientometrics and Informetrics
Conference.
Rusdin, N. M. (2018). Teachers’ readiness in implementing 21st century learning.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,
Saravakumar, A. R., & Devi, P. K. R. (2020). Indian higher education: Issues and
opportunities. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(2).
Savoji, A. P., & Ganji, K. (2013). Increasing mental health of university students
through life skills training (lst). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84,
1255–1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.739
Searson, M., Hancock, M., Soheil, N., & Sheperd, G. (2015). Digital citizenship within
global contexts. Education and Information Technologies, 20, 729–741.
Sharma, P. (2019). Digital revolution of education 4.0. International Journal of
Engineering and Advanced Technology, 9(2), 3558–3564.
https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1293.129219
Simatupang, E., & Yuhertiana, I. (2021). Merdeka belajar kampus merdeka terhadap
perubahan paradigma pembelajaran pada pendidikan tinggi: Sebuah tinjauan
literatur. Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Ekonomi, 2(2), 30–38.
https://doi.org/10.47747/jbme.v2i2.230
World Health Organizaton. (1997). Life skills education for children and adolescents
in schools. WHO.
Yusuf, M., & Arfiansyah, W. (2021). Konsep “merdeka belajar” dalam pandangan
filsafat konstruktivisme. Jurnal Studi Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 7(2), 120–
133.
Zahrudin, Z. (2016). Implikasi kebijakan politik terhadap manajemen perguruan
tinggi. SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-I, 2(1), 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v2i1.2246
